Cp67412, but synergistic greater than the sum of each disease separately in cp65357 koike, 1982. Detection of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in quarantine and. Originally prevalent in the midwest and peru in the 1970s, the disease was called corn lethal necrosis cln and was. Called sugarcane mosaic virus, the disease first appeared in sugarcane and sod growing near cane fields in the 1960s, harmon said. Yield losses are generally between 30 and 40%, but can reach 6080% in badly affected areas in south america and north america koike et al. The disease is controlled through the use of resistant varieties. It is most preva lent and severe in cane growing on heavy, poorly drained soils, where it may markedly reduce germination, growth, and ratooning. Recently, sugarcane plants with streak symptoms have been identified across south africa. Sstmvfree sugarcane was generated from infected plants by in vitro meristem tip culture technology. Mlnd occurs when maize chlorotic mottle virus mcmv coinfects the same plant with one of several potyviruses, including sugarcane mosaic virus, wheat streak mosaic virus or maize dwarf mosaic virus. Maize streak and maize mosaic viruses were most often found in central 4. First report of sugarcane streak mosaic virus in iran. Further analysis revealed that the novel sugarcane infecting virus, tentatively named as sugarcane chlorotic streak virus scsv, arose out of a putative interspecific recombination event involving two grassinfecting mastreviruses, eragrostis streak virus and urochloa streak virus as putative parental sequences.
The virus has been responsible for drastic economic losses in most sugarcane growing regions and remains a major concern for sugarcane breeders. Mosaic disease caused by a kind of virus is an important global sugarcane disease yang and mirkov, 1997. Sugarcane mosaic definition is an important virus disease of sugarcane characterized by chlorotic streaking of the leaves, stunting of the plants, and a greatly reduced yield of sugar. Sugarcane mosaic virus smv of the lawns i know with confirmed sugarcane mosaic virus smv, they are located south of 38th ave n and are concentrated along the. The disease is transmitted by wet soil, water, as well as in diseased planting material. Scmv is an important virus pathogen, especially in european and chinese maize production, causing serious losses in grain and forage yields in susceptible cultivars. The virus is not enveloped having filamentous flexuous particles 700760 nm long and 14 nm in diameter. Identification of resistance to sugarcane streak mosaic virus. Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies. This video was developed for indonesian sugarcane growers and industry, to raise awareness of sugarcane streak mosaic virus, which does not exist in. The virus is spread via aphids and the use of infected plant cane. Infection with scylv results in intense yellowing of the midrib, which extends to the leaf blade, followed by tissue necrosis from the leaf tip towards the leaf base.
Sugarcane mosaic virus has a wide host range, including families of gramineae and potyviridae, and occurs in many regions of the world. The virus can change over time and has overcome resistance in sugarcane varieties in the past cp 722086 in the mid1990s. Sugarcane mosaic virus long history but still a threat to. Reduction of plant height, earhead weight, and grain mass to the extent of 73%, 93%. Sugarcane streak mosaic virus scsmv became the major endemic disease of economic importance in ivorian sugar estates almost two years ago, which spreads very fast across plantations and varieties. Cassava is a major staple food for about 800 million people in the tropics and subtropical regions of the world. Sugarcane mosaic definition of sugarcane mosaic by. Estimated yield losses due to the disease vary greatly depending on the time period and sugarcane growing area involved. The disease caused by sugarcane mosaic virus scmv is commonly referred to as mosaic. The sorghum isolates of chlorotic stripe virus were found to be the variants of mstv and. Characterization of maize mirnas in response to synergistic. Chlorotic streak csd fiji leaf gall leaf scald mosaic pokkah boeng ratoon stunting disease rsd red rot red stripetop rot sclerophthora smut striate mosaic exotic wholeplant diseases downy mildew grassy shoot green grassy shoot gumming contents. Maize chlorotic mottle virus resembles a number of other viruses that have host ranges confined to the gramineae, high infectivity titres, high thermal inactivation points and isometric particles of c.
Department of crop protection, ahmadu bello university. Soybean chlorotic mottle virus resembles soybean mosaic potyvirus in symptoms and host range, but differs from it in inducing systemic infection in phaseolus vulgariscv. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Identification and molecular characterization of a novel sugarcane. Molecular characterization of a new strain of sugarcane. Mosaic is caused by the sugarcane mosaic virus scmv. Distribution of sugarcane mosaic and sugarcane streak mosaic. Sugarcane saccharum officinarum saccharum officinarum subject category. It has, at one time or another, occurred in virtually every important sugarcane growing country. These symptoms included interveinal chlorotic specks, streaks or stripes on the leaves fig. First report of maize streak virus field infection of. General information about sugarcane chlorotic streak agent sgcst0 this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. Cassava brown streak virus has a rapidly evolving genome. The disease seemed to disappear when resistant sugarcane varieties were developed with fewer than five positive samples identified by uf turfgrass pathologists between 200320.
A onestep realtime rtpcr assay for the detection and. On leaves, scattered areas of lighter green coloration are seen. Sugarcane mosaic virus scmv is distributed worldwide and infects three. Sugarcane research program, crop sciences institute, narc, islamabad.
The virus belongs to the potyvirus family and is commonly found in sugarcane producing areas of the state, although it currently is not a primary concern for sugarcane growers. A new distribution map is provided for sugarcane chlorotic streak virus sugarcane chlorotic streak virus subject category. Maize streak virus 8, saccharum streak virus 9, and sugarcane chlorotic. Biology and management of sugarcane yellow leaf virus. Chlorotic streak is a global disease of commercial sugarcane saccharum spp. Augustinegrass virus symptoms splotchy, yellow streaking on leaf blades dead spots streak ing on leaf blades unhealthy yellowish tinge andor dead turfgrass often excessive weeds december 5, 2014 master gardener hotline desk. Generation of sugarcane streak mosaic virus free sugarcane. Cultural practices such as the timing of planting and the removal of remnants of the. A new sugarcaneinfecting african streak virus named saccharum streak virus.
Meristemtip explants regenerated satisfactorily when treated with a solution of antinecrotic compounds combination of ascorbic acid, cystine. However, with the exception of sugarcane white streak virus in barbados. The chlorosis is most visible on young leaves, particularly near the base. Extensive recombination challenges the utility of sugarcane mosaic.
There is only one report of sugarcane bacilliform virus scbv vega and sordi 1991 in quarantine material, and no other sugarcane infecting virus was reported in the country so far. Detecting, cloning, and screening for suppressors of rna. Seven sugarcane and sorghum leaf samples exhibiting mosaic symptoms and that originated from uttar pradesh, maharashtra and tamil nadu were characterized through rtpcr assays with specific designed primers forsugarcane mosaic virus, scmv f4 and r3, sugarcane streak mosaic virus, scsmvst2 and p1 andsorghum mosaic virus, srmv f3 and r3. As the disease progresses, mild to severe chlorotic streaks develop along leaf. Sugarcane mosaic virus scmv and sugarcane yellow leaf virus scylv. Sugarcane chlorotic streak virus sccsv0overview eppo global.
Sugarcane mosaic disease is caused by the sugarcane streak mosaic virus scsmv. Chlorotic streak symptoms caused by banana streak virus bsv. Sugarcane mosaic virus an overview sciencedirect topics. Strains naturally infecting certain other hosts are also known as abaca mosaic potyvirus eloja and tinsley, 1963 and as maize dwarf mosaic potyvirus strain b mackenzie et al. Scientific name, sugarcane chlorotic streak virus tax. In louisiana, usa, losses in sugarcane caused by sorghum mosaic virus formerly called scmvh and ratoon stunting disease rsd, caused by the bacterium clavibacter xyli were additive in cv.
Outbreaks of the disease are often associated with drought conditions or irregular rains such as those in west africa in 1983 and 1984 rossel and thottappilly, 1985. The synergistic infection of maize chlorotic mottle virus mcmv and sugarcane mosaic virus scmv causes maize lethal necrosis, with considerable losses to global maize production. General information about sugarcane chlorotic streak virus sccsv0 this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. During september to november 2014, symptoms associated with scmv, sugarcane streak mosaic virus scsmv and sorghum mosaic virus infection were observed in some sugarcane fields. Reduction in bunch size and malformation of fingers have. Additionally, international germplasm exchange may benefit by incorporating aspects of in vitro culture at various stage of the process. To control the disease, growers developed resistant sugarcane. Sugarcane mosaic virus scmv infects maize, sorghum, sugarcane and other poaceous species throughout the world. Maize streak virus an overview sciencedirect topics. Distribution of sugarcane mosaic and sugarcane streak mosaic virus in india article in sugar tech 81.
Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page this virus was described from sugarcane by brandes 1919. Smv often infects only a section of the lawn and can have a distinct dividing line between infected and healthy areas of the lawn. Maize streak virus, sugarcane strain yellow leaf sugarcane yellow leaf virus. Mosaic is one of the most widespread virus diseases affecting sugarcane, maize, sorghum. Sugarcane mosaic definition of sugarcane mosaic by merriam. For maize streak virus msv particles, cryoelectron microscopy has shown that. The complete nucleotide sequences of three sugarcane streak mosaic virus scsmv isolates found in sugarcane plants imported from japan jp1, jp2 and indonesia id into china were determined. Production of cassava is significantly hampered by cassava brown streak disease. Unlike the characteristic fine stippling and streaking of ssv, the symptoms resembled the broader, elongated chlorotic lesions commonly observed in wild grasses infected with the related maize streak virus msv. Here, we established a protocol of a onestep realtime quantitative reverse transcription pcr realtime qrtpcr using the taqman probe for the detection of scsmv in sugarcane.
Occurrence of a novel mastrevirus in sugarcane germplasm. The virus causes mosaic symptoms in sugarcane, maize, sorghum, and other poaceous plants. Jan 28, 2018 this video was developed for indonesian sugarcane growers and industry, to raise awareness of sugarcane streak mosaic virus, which does not exist in australia, but poses a risk to the australian. It has since been found in hawaii, australia, mauritius, puerto rico, louisiana, and british guiana. Detection and response of sugarcane against the infection. Sugarcane streak mosaic virus sstmv, an unassigned member of the family potyviridae, is an emerging cause of sugarcane mosaic disease in asia. Pdf molecular characterization of a new strain of sugarcane. It was first reported in the 1960s in rural palm beach county sugarcane production areas. Like many virus induced diseases, maize streak disease is naturally erratic, varying from insignificant in some years to epidemic proportions in others efron et al.
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